My cat has anxiety issues. Yup. It is not an exclusively human thing. Even our pets can get them, too. According to Dr. Krista Sirois, a veterinarian and clinical behavior resident, anxiety in cats can be caused by the following (source):
Physical illness or pain
A traumatic experience
Lack of positive social and environmental exposure
Abandonment and being separated from their human parents (separation anxiety)
Signs of cat anxiety can be observed in their behavior. When exposed to the stimulant or trigger, cats may suddenly become withdrawn, even aggressive in certain cases. My cat gets violent with the groomers, hissing, biting, clawing, and refusing to be touched. When cats get stressed or terribly anxious, you may observe dilated pupils (I would describe them as panicky eyes), crouching, wrapping their tails tight around their bodies, hiding, and increased heart and respiratory rates (read more).
With my cat, the trigger to his fear and anxiety is “the outside”. He is scared of going outdoors and what goes on on the other side of the main door. Opening the door or a window where he can hear the sound of cars, people, changes in smell, etc., gets him into a panic. He gets so worked up, sniffing the air around him, looking around with wild eyes, scrambling away to a hiding spot, and withdrawing. Whenever we take him outside - to the beach, parks, to the groomers - he would act strange and wouldn't want to walk or even move. When he’s in the car, he has to be cuddled and will only stay calm as long as he doesn’t have to look outside. He gets back to his normal self as soon as he gets home, though.
Managing Cat Anxiety
Cat anxiety is not uncommon for cats that were previously stray or have had negative experiences outdoors. My cat was a stray. He followed us home one day while we were taking our dog for a walk. Long story short, when the cat refused to leave our door, refused to eat the food we were trying to give him, and instead kept begging/trying to get in every time the door opened, we had to take him in. If your formerly stray cat or rescue cat is behaving the same way our cat does, you and I are not unique in that. If you are hoping to address it without resorting to medication, here are some tips that may help reduce your cat’s anxiety naturally (and maybe yours, too) :
Desensitization: Your cat may be overwhelmed by new and unfamiliar environments (fear of the unknown). It is essential to introduce new experiences gradually. Start by exposing your cat to less intimidating outdoor environments, such as a quiet backyard, to help them acclimate in a controlled setting.
Counterconditioning: Stray cats might have faced traumatic events outdoors, leading to fear and anxiety. It may take time and patience to help your cat overcome these anxieties. Create positive associations with outdoor experiences by providing treats, toys, and praise during outings to help your cat associate outdoors with positive experiences.
Provide a Sense of Security: The outdoors can be overwhelming for cats due to unfamiliar sounds, smells, and sights (sensory overload). Consider using a cat harness and leash to provide a sense of security while exploring new environments. Use a carrier or a covered stroller if your cat feels more secure inside an enclosed space.
Positive Reinforcement: Gradually introduce your cat to new environments by offering short, controlled outings. Start with quiet places and gradually increase the complexity of the environment. Reward your cat's calm behavior with treats and praise to reinforce positive experiences.
Create Safe Spaces Indoors: Provide your cat with safe and comfortable spaces indoors where they feel secure. This can be a designated room or area with their bed, toys, and a scratching post. Having a safe space to retreat to can help reduce anxiety and provide a sense of security.
Consult with a Veterinarian or Behaviorist: If your cat's anxiety continues despite your efforts, it may be beneficial to seek guidance from a veterinarian or an animal behaviorist. They can assess your cat's specific needs and recommend targeted strategies or interventions to manage their fear and anxiety.
Having said all that, here’s a disclaimer. Each cat is unique. These tips may not work on your cat within the next few days and we should not expect it to over a very short period of time. It may take longer and a bit of patience to help your cat feel more comfortable outdoors. Be understanding and supportive, and with consistent positive experiences, you can help your cat overcome their fears and enjoy outdoor activities. Meow!
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